This copy of a textbook image is of the magnetic fields emanating from a disk magnet placed in a copper tube.
Currently accepted theory states that “copper is not a magnetic material” and that accordingly this magnet’s fields do not influence the ultimate structure of the copper tube, as its copper atoms are stated to be in “random kinetic motion” and are oscillating and rotating in vacua.
In a similar experiment we also use a cylindrical neodymium magnet 11.5mm x 3mm and, by means of a magnetic compass, it is observed that the active magnetic field generated by this extends into the atmosphere to volume of over 1 metre in diameter.
This disk magnet is introduced into a 1 metre long standard 15 mm copper tube (as is used for plumbing purposes) with a gauge of 1.25 mm and of an internal diameter of 12.5 mm, as depicted in the diagram above.
And when the magnet is released it is observed that in its passage downwards it stays perfectly centralised and horizontally aligned within the tube, as is depicted in the diagram, but significantly it takes 14 seconds to fall this 1 metre length pipe, i.e. 7 cm/sec.
This experiment can also be carried out with a short piece of unmagnetised iron wire placed and manually held in contact with the copper tube as in the diagram below.
It is observed that when released from the top into the tube, at this point the magnet moves into direct contact with the internal face of the tube and stops immediately.
The dashed lines represent the horizontally and the vertically acting magnetic fields generated continuously by the disk magnet.
If the wire is then released, both the magnet and the wire remain in these positions, and only when the iron wire is physically pulled away from the tube does the magnet continue its descent.
This experiment proves beyond any doubt that the magnetic field generated by the disk magnet propagates directly into and through the atomic structure of the copper tube and that this field extends on to the atomic structure of the iron wire, generating a strong mutual attraction from it to both the copper tube and to the magnet, and this attraction is combined with repulsive forces that generate friction between the faces at these points.
When the iron wire, and the relatively weak magnetic attraction generated by it, is removed the disk magnet returns to a centralised position in the tube and it begins to move slowly downwards.
This descent progressively forces the copper atoms of the tube from their natural alignments into arrangement with its strong magnetic field.
This forced re-alignment of the natural alignments of the copper atoms into concert with the very strong local, close range, field of the neodymium magnet generates a frictional, a resistive effect upon its motion and an emission of heat from the copper.
After which the copper atoms in the tube return to their natural, and practically immeasurable, magnetic alignments, and coincidentally conform to to the ambient atmospheric temperature.
Also when a greater mass of a column of six such magnets is released within the copper tube, their fall rate is again at 7 cm/sec.
Further, when using instead an aluminium tube, which metal is also stated in the literature as being non-magnetic, a similar resistive effect on the magnet’s descent is observed, however it falls at a marginally greater velocity than in a copper tube.
Image 4 below is an enlargement of a section of Image 3 with the observed transmission and alignments of the external magnetic fields in the copper tube, which fields are interacting through the metals and the atmospheric gases and it is obvious that for these to be transmitted from the magnet they must be acting through and via the matter of the tube and that of the iron wire.
Image 5 represents the continued motion of the disk after the removal of the iron wire.
These are obviously 2 dimensional diagrams and as such these cannot describe the complexity of a 3 dimensional arrangement, e.g. of atoms of a hexagonal form, and thus these are not the true physical arrangements and so are only indicative.
Image 4
Image 5
All this evidence absolutely disproves the current beliefs of all physicists that copper atoms are freely rotating and vibrating kinetically, and demonstrates that these are instead aligning directly with the strong fields generated by such magnets that are continuous.